From 2026 to 2030, China’s 15th Five-Year Plan sets the comprehensive agenda for economic and social transformation. In a world of mounting external uncertainty and internal reform, the Plan aims to chart a new path towards high-quality growth, innovation, and national stability. Here’s a concise summary of its 12 most important policy directions.
1. Strengthening the Real Economy
Bolstering manufacturing, infrastructure and digital China to secure a strong industrial base.
2. Advancing Technological Independence
Pioneering homegrown innovation and key technology breakthroughs for greater self-reliance.
3. Expanding the Domestic Market
Unleashing the growth potential of consumption and investment, building a unified national market.
4. Improving Socialist Market Mechanisms
Driving in-depth market-oriented reforms to enhance long-term growth capacity.
5. Deepening Global Partnerships
Promoting multilateral trade and win-win Belt and Road collaborations for increased global competitiveness.
6. Modernizing Rural Development
Fostering modern agriculture and holistic rural revitalization through urban-rural integration.
7. Advancing Regional Balance
Optimizing economic geography to support urbanization and balanced coastal-inland growth.
8. Promoting Cultural Innovation
Fostering creativity and strengthening the cultural sector for a more cohesive society.
9. Enhancing Social Welfare and Shared Prosperity
Improving social safety nets, income distribution and public health for common prosperity.
10. Building a Green China
Accelerating carbon neutrality, renewable energy, and ecological protection.
11. Ensuring National Security
Modernizing security systems and governance to safeguard national stability.
12. Modernizing National Defense
Advancing military modernization with a focus on smart and digital defense capabilities.
The 15th Five-Year Plan is not simply a blueprint for economic development—it’s China’s answer to society’s expectations for quality growth, sustainability, and inclusive prosperity. The coming five years will emphasize new productive forces, institutional innovation, and technological progress, enabling China to thrive through global changes by building a prosperous, green, and resilient society.
